1.臺灣之原住民
爭取原住民自治區試辦 太魯閣族上下一心
原住民族自治法去年一讀通過部分條文，讓爭取原住民自治的族群感到振奮。其中，最早推動自治法案的花蓮太魯閣自治籌備委員會，認為太魯閣族最有條件成為原住民自治區的試辦一族。
太魯閣族自治籌備籌備委員會主任委員喇帖．尤道表示，七年前爭取正名成立後，族人積極奔走爭取自治，這七年間，不但獲得多數為太魯閣族的秀林、萬榮兩鄉的鄉長支持，根據連署調查，兩個鄉都超過百分八十五上的族人，有成立自治區的共識
喇帖．尤道指出，推動自治的過程受到外界質疑，他強調，推動自治是為了文化重建、族人服務族人，並非外界所說要搞獨立喇帖．尤道說，太魯閣族有深沉的文化、豐富的藝術，而原住民自治更是普世價值，國際上的民主與人權標準，他們有信心成功推動法案，讓原住民有尊嚴的當家做主。
2.澳洲之原住民簡介
新聞辭典︰澳洲原住民- 2011-02-08 自由時報
澳洲原住民包括許多不同社群，總人口約47萬人，據稱至少有500種語言，但多已流失，以新南威爾斯和昆士蘭兩地分布最廣。
澳洲原住民外型既黑又胖，類似非洲黑人，因而備受歧視。當年歐洲白人發現澳洲時，將原住民驅逐到蠻荒沙漠隔絕往來，或強迫其與白人大量通婚，一旦原住民小孩出生，就會立刻被抱到教會撫養，教育他們以白人為傲，以原住民為恥的錯誤觀念。
澳洲原住民不屬於南島語系一支，和地理位置接近的紐西蘭原住民毛利人也非同源，因此在人類學上難以歸類，究竟他們從何而來，至今仍是難解的謎題。澳洲政府歷來在法律上對原住民極為苛刻，原住民直到1967年才擁有公民權，此前原住民文化長期遭到漠視打壓。
3.加拿大之原住民-1
UK denounces multiculturalism while Canada celebrates it
Britain’s prime minister and Germany’s chancellor have recently declared multiculturalism a failure in their countries, but a new report from Immigration Minister "Reaffirms multiculturalism as a fundamental characteristic of Canadian society.”
Canada officially adopted a policy of multiculturalism in 1971 and enshrined it in the Constitution in Section 27 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982.
Much of the report highlights steps the federal government has taken to reach out to different ethnic groups, including helping Elections Canada publish a voters guide in "27 heritage languages, and in 11 Aboriginal languages.” Those languages include Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Croatian, Greek, and Somali.
Oddly, the report also cites research that questions why the voters guide would even need to be produced. According to data from the federal government, foreign-born Canadian citizens are more likely to vote than those of the same ethnic background who were born in Canada.
Black and South Asian Canadians were the two groups most likely to be targeted based on race, the government report says. For religiously motivated cases, the two most-targeted groups were Jews and Catholics.
A debate over multiculturalism and whether it works has been taking off around the world, but Stephen Harper's government hasn't adopted the same tone as its British, German or French counterparts in dealing with friction from large-scale immigration.
"I think we have been much more successful generally than the western European countries,” (Canadian )Immigration Minister told QMI Agency when the issue arose last October. While Kenney said Canada has done a better job than Europe at integrating immigrants, he added that, “it is a work in progress. Kenney has shifted some of his department’s focus in the last year from simply celebrating cultural diversity to supporting programs that integrate newcomers into Canadian society.
3.加拿大之原住民-2
The Canadian Press Wednesday Jan. 26, 2011
Aboriginal children live in poverty that is shameful in a country as rich as Canada, and it's costing them their future, says the former national chief of the Assembly of First Nations.
"It's a stain on Canada's international reputation," Phil Fontaine told several hundred people gathered at Ryerson University on Tuesday.
Fontaine joined former Liberal prime minister Paul Martin in a lecture hall where they discussed indigenous governance. Both former leaders agreed education is key to improving life for First Nations communities.
Martin said the federal government underfunds aboriginal elementary and high school education 20 to 40 per cent when compared to provincial funding for non-aboriginal education. "Schools that have no science, that have no labs, teachers who can't deal with special cases, schools in certain cases built on toxic dumps," said Martin. Aboriginal poverty is "an enormous drag" on Canada's ability to create the kind of society it purports偽稱 to have, said Fontaine.
High suicide rates and the disproportionate number of aboriginals incarcerated are some of the outcomes of poverty.
He said 27,000-30,000 aboriginal children are in state care -- three times the number of students in residential schools at the height of the residential school experience in the 1940s. "This is largely the consequence of poverty," he said. "It has nothing to do with the lack of parental love or a willingness on the part of family or communities to look after their children," he said. "They're just too poor."
4.印度之原住民-1
IPS (Inter Press Service)
Dams Threaten Aboriginal Tribe (in India)
India, Jan 28, 2011 (IPS) - Over the years, the Kadars, a dwindling aboriginal tribe who live on the borders of the southern Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, have survived pestilences, extreme exploitation and even mass sterilisations. But a new government plan to build a hydroelectric dam across the Chalakudy River would have been the death knell for the group who now number about 1,500.
With the Ministry of Environment and Forest veto of the proposed 140 million U.S. dollar dam project at Athirapilli in the valley of the Western Ghats, the Kadars have gotten a reprieve.
The decision of the Environment Ministry is "a major success for the forest and the tribe," A. Latha, an environmentalist and research co-ordinator of the Thrissur-based River Research Centre, told IPS.
Local resistance and judicial intervention by the High Court of Kerala have also come to the aid of the Kadars and the unique flora and fauna of the forested hilly area of the Chalakudy river basin.
The Kadar community is one of the six endangered food-gathering communities in India according to anthropologists. Their population in 1961 was just 800.
Ayyan, a member of the tribe, says that many community huts will be submerged if the state continues the work on the dam. "We hear the death knell of our beloved river," the 60-year-old man told IPS.
"The government does not give adequate basic amenities to us at the settlement area, where living conditions are very bad. Their assurance on amenities is a pipe- dream. Now they want our river and forest for their benefits," Ayyan said.
P. Gopakumar, a Malayali author, told IPS that the government is guilty of sponsoring violence against tribal society in the name of the dam. "Acting on behalf of the middle men in the market sector, the promoters in government and private agencies are ignoring the rights of the tribe," he said.
According to Joy Kaitharam, general secretary of the Thrissur-based Human Rights Protection Centre which fights for the rights of indigenous people, there has been no letup in the atrocities inflicted on the tribe since 87 Kadars were forcibly sterilised at the Mattathoor Government Primary Health Centre, near Kodakara in 1976.
"Since the conduct of sterilisations, the population of the tribe has remained stagnant. Today, Kadar men are tortured by officials on charges of forest theft and for agitating against the dam," Kaitharam told IPS.
Prof. S. K. Tiwari, who compiled ‘Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribals’, pointed out that "Kadars shifted from traditional occupation to snake charmers as well as sellers of honey and wax since 1940."
"Because of the change of life style, very high morbidity is prevailing in the tribal belt. There is no modern health facility at the settlement," says S. P. Ravi, convener of the Chalakudy River Protection Forum. "Kadar people need highly nutritious food for managing anaemia."
Environmentalists say that the immediate fallout of building the dam will be the fragmentation of the habitat for elephants, tigers, lion-tailed macaques and other species that roam the contiguous sanctuaries and national parks in the Parambikulam-Anamalai range of Western Ghats - one of the internationally identified eco-regions for long-term conservation in India.
Due to the rich diversity of fish in the Chalakudy River, the National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources in Lucknow has suggested the river area be declared as a "fish sanctuary."
Gopinathan Nair, president of the Limnological Association of Kerala, fears construction of dam will prevent both upstream and downstream migration of some of the fish - which is a vital activity for their survival. "Depletion of fish and mussels will certainly affect the environment surrounding the 140 kilometre-long river," Nair points out.
Cambridge-based Bird Life International has noted the importance of the endemic birds nesting in the Athirapilli-Vazhachal hills.
Botanists have focused on the abundant and diverse flora that has not yet been fully catalogued in the area. "Experts from government agencies are silent on the actual volume of trees that would be submerged," says Ravikumar, a botanist in Kochi. (END)
4.印度之原住民-2
NEW DELHI, Feb. 1 (UPI) -- A government veto of plans to build a $140 million dam has given a reprieve to a dwindling aboriginal tribe in southern India, human rights advocates said.
The Kadars, who live on the borders of the southern Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, have survived pestilence, extreme exploitation and even mass sterilizations, Inter Press Service reported Tuesday. P. Gopakumar, a Malayali author, says the government is guilty of sponsoring violence against the tribal society in the name of the dam, IPS reported.
Joy Kaitharam of the Human Rights Protection Center in Thrissur, India, which advocates on behalf of indigenous people, said atrocities have been inflicted on the tribe, including the forcible sterilization of 87 Kadars in 1976.
"Today, Kadar men are tortured by officials on charges of forest theft and for agitating against the dam," Kaitharam told IPS.
The proposed hydroelectric dam across the Chalakudy River would likely have meant the end for the group, who number only about 1,500.
Ayyan, a member of the tribe, says many community huts would be submerged if the state proceeds with work on the dam.
"We hear the death knell of our beloved river," the 60-year-old said.
The Ministry of Environment and Forest veto of the project is "a major success for the forest and the tribe," environmentalist A. Latha of the River Research Center said.
Read more: http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2011/02/01/Dam-veto-spares-Indian-tribe/UPI-87491296616927/#ixzz1DZJfZcP1
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